Complement of State

小时候，做了一件事总是迫切地想得到家人和朋友的看法。
In childhood, the child was always eager to obtain some suggestions or praise from their families and friends when they did something.

比如做了一次家务，就想问问妈妈自己做的好不好；唱了一首歌就想问问大家自己唱得好不好听等等。
For example, when the children did housework, they would ask their mothers whether they did well or not or when the children sang a song, they would ask everyone whether they did a good job or not etc.

这种对动作的结果、程度、状态等进行描述或评价的词语就叫做“状态补语”。
These words used to describe or evaluate the result, degree or state of the action are called "complement of state".

在形式上常用结构助词“得”来连接动词后的状态补语。
In the form, the structural auxiliary word "得"[de] is often used to connect the complement of state after the verb.

比如：
For example:

他说得很好。
[tā shuō de hěn hǎo.]
He speaks well.

我起得很早。
[wǒ qǐ de hěn zǎo.] 
I get up quite early. 

我睡得也早。
[wǒ shuì de yě zǎo.]
I sleep quite early, too.

你跳得很好。
[nǐ tiào de hěn hǎo.]
You dance well.

 

有时候问的是具体的对象，即如果有宾语时，要把宾语提前，或者重复动词。
Sometimes, it emphasizes the specific object, so the object needs to be placed advance or the verb needs to be repeated. 

例如：
For example:

他（说）汉语说得很好。
[tā (shuō) hàn yǔ shuō de hěn hǎo.]
He speaks Chinese very well.

我（写）汉字写得很好。
[wǒ (xiě) hàn zì xiě de hěn hǎo.]
My handwriting of Chinese character is perfect.

姐姐（唱）歌唱得很不错。
[jiě jie (chàng) gē chàng de hěn bú cuò.]
The sister does well in singing.

妈妈（做）饭做的很好吃。
[mā ma (zuò) fàn zuò de hěn hǎo chī.]
The mother is good at cooking.

 

我们做出的动作并不一定总是好的结果，即表示否定时，要把否定词放在结构助词“得”的后边。例如：
The actions we take don't always lead to good results, that is, when it indicates the negative meaning, the negative word should be placed behind the structural auxiliary word "得"[de].

他说得不好。
[tā shuō de bù hǎo.]
He didn't speak well.

我起得不早。
[wǒ qǐ de bù zǎo.]
I don't get up very early.

我住得不远。
[wǒ zhù de bù yuǎn.]
I am not far away from here.

他（说）汉语说得不好。
[tā (shuō) hàn yǔ shuō de bù hǎo.]
He doesn't speak Chinese very well.

我（写）汉字写得不好。
[wǒ (xiě) hàn zì xiě de bù hǎo.]
My handwriting of Chinese character is not perfect.

姐姐（唱）歌唱得不太好。
[jiě jie (chàng) gē chàng de bú tài hǎo.]
The sister doesn't do well in singing.

妈妈（做）饭做得不是很好吃。
[mā mā (zuò) fàn zuò de bú shì hěn hǎo chī.]
The mother isn't good at cooking.

 

我们也会询问我们的行为带来的结果是什么，这时就需要有疑问形式了。
Actually, we also ask what results our actions will lead to, so the interrogative form is needed at this moment.

状态补语的疑问形式是在结构助词“得”的后面使用“形容词+不+形容词”，构成正反疑问句。例如：
The interrogative form of the complement of state is to use the structure "adj.+不+adj." behind the structural auxiliary word "得"[de].

姐姐起得早不早？
[jiě jie qǐ de zǎo bù zǎo?]
Does the sister get up early?

你住得远不远？
[nǐ zhù de yuǎn bù yuǎn?]
Do you live far away?

妈妈做得饭好吃不好吃？
[mā mā zuò de fàn hǎo chī bù hǎo chī?]
Is the mother good at cooking?

他的汉语说得好不好？
[tā de hàn yǔ shuō de hǎo bù hǎo?]
Does he speak Chinese well?

你的汉字写得漂亮不漂亮？
[nǐ de hàn zì xiě de piào liàng bú piào liàng?]
Is your handwriting of Chinese character perfect?

 

以上就是“状态补语”的具体用法，很实用是不是？
Above all is the specific usage of the complement of state, and it's very practical, isn't it?

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We don't know if you have mastered it. If you are still confused, welcome to Q&A platform to ask or discuss with us.